Inqubo

Kwi-extrusion Blow Molding (EBM), ipulasitiki iyancibilika futhi ifakwe kwishubhu eliyimbumba (parison). Le parison iyabanjwa ngokuyivala ifakwe kwisikhunta sensimbi esetshenzisiwe. Umoya ube usushayelwa ephalishi, uwukhuphule ekwakheni ibhodlela eliyize, isitsha, noma ingxenye. Ngemuva kokuthi upulasitiki usupholile ngokwanele, isikhunta siyavulwa bese kuthi ingxenye leyo ikhutshwe.

Inqubo yokujova inaliti blowing (IBM) isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwengilazi engenalutho nezinto zepulasitiki ngamanani amakhulu. Ngenqubo ye-IBM, i-polymer ifakwa umjovo wepiyili oyisisekelo; lapho-ke iphini lomgogodla ligijinyiselwa esiteshini sokubumba esinamapayipi ukuze lishiswe futhi lipholisiswe. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okungatheni kulezi zinqubo ezintathu zokubumba ukushaya, futhi kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhodlela amancane ezokwelapha nawodwa. Inqubo ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezintathu: umjovo, ukushaya kanye ne-ejection.

Le ndatshana ichaza ukusetha kokuhlola kumodeli yokuqhathanisa ukukala umthelela womoya ovuthayo, kanye nokuhlola izindleko zomoya ocindezelwe ngokumelene nokuthola okupholile kokuzuza.

Ekushayeni ukubumba ingcindezi yokushaywa kubaluleke kakhulu. Isihloko esivela eNyuvesi yase-Aachen esinemodeli yokucabanga ngokubaluleka kwengcindezi ekusebenzeni kwejometri engaphezulu.

Ukufakwa ngenaliti (ukujova ngomjovo e-USA) inqubo yokukhiqiza yokukhiqiza izingxenye ngokujova impahla kukhunta. Ukufakwa kokulimala kungenziwa ngezinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi izinsimbi, (lapho inqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-diecasting), izingilazi, ama-elastomers, ukuhlangana, kanye nama-polymer evamile kakhulu we-thermoplastic kanye ne-thermosetting.

Lokhu kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezehlukene, okungukuthi inqubo yesigaba esisodwa nesigaba esimbili. Inqubo yesigaba esisodwa iphinde yehlukaniswe yaba imishini yesiteshi esine-3 kanye nesiteshi esine-4 Enqubeni yezinqubo ezimbili zomjovo wokunwebeka komjovo (ISBM), ipulasitiki iqale ibunjwe ibe yi "preform" kusetshenziswa inqubo yokubumba umjovo. Lawa ma-preform akhiqizwa ngezintamo zamabhodlela, kufaka phakathi imicu ("ukuphela") ngakolunye uhlangothi. Lawa ma-preform afakwa emaphaketheni, bese ondliwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ngemuva kokupholisa) kumshini wokubumba wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Enqubeni ye-ISB, ama-preforms ayashiswa (imvamisa kusetshenziswa ama-infrared heater) ngaphezu kokushisa kwengilazi yabo yokushintshwa, bese kushaywa kusetshenziswa umoya ophakeme kakhulu ube ngamabhodlela kusetshenziswa isikhunta segalelo lensimbi. I-preform ihlala yelulwa ngenduku eyinhloko njengengxenye yenqubo.

Ukufaka ilebuli ngemuva kwemishini yokubumba ngokushaywa kungaholela ekulebhuleni kwelebula, ngenxa yokugoba ibhodlela. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthuthukisa / zokuxazulula lezi zinkinga.