CE

Ukumaka kuka-CE kuwuphawu oluvumelekile lokumaka imikhiqizo ethile ethengisiwe ku-European Economic Area (EEA) kusukela ngo-1985. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kuyatholakala nasemikhiqizweni ethengiswa ngaphandle kwe-EEA eyenziwe, noma eyenzelwe ukuba ithengiswe ku-EEA. Lokhu kwenza ukumakwa kwe-CE kubonakale emhlabeni wonke nakubantu abangayazi i-European Economic Area. Ngomqondo ofana nalona Isimemezelo seFCC seConformity isetshenziswa kumadivayisi athile kagesi athengiswa eMelika.

Ukumakwa kwe-CE yisimemezelo somkhiqizi sokuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezidingo zezinkomba ze-EC ezisebenzayo.

Umaki uqukethe uphawu lwenqaku le-CE futhi, uma kusebenza, inombolo yokuhlonza enamadijithi amane yoMzimba Onziwe obandakanyeka kwinqubo yokuhlola yokuhambisana.

“CE” yaqala njengesifinyezo se- I-Conformité Européenne, okusho Ubumbano lwaseYurophu, kepha akuchazwa kanjalo emthethweni ofanele. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kuwuphawu lokumaketha kwamahhala e-European Economic Area (Imakethe Yangaphakathi).

Okusho

Njengoba ikhona ngohlobo lwayo lwamanje kusukela ngo-1985, ukumaka kwe-CE kukhombisa ukuthi umenzi noma ongenisa impahla ezweni uthi uthobela umthetho ofanele we-EU osebenza kumkhiqizo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi lapho kwenziwa khona. Ngokufaka kokumaka uphawu lwe-CE kumkhiqizo, umenzi uyamemezela, kungumsebenzi wakhe kuphela, ukuvumelana nazo zonke izidingo ezingokomthetho zokufeza ukumaka kwe-CE okuvumela ukuhamba kwamahhala nokuthengiswa komkhiqizo kuyo yonke indawo Yezomnotho YaseYurophu.

Isibonelo, imikhiqizo eminingi kagesi kufanele ithobele i-Low Voltage Directive kanye ne-EMC Directive; amathoyizi kufanele athobele i-Toy Safety Directive. Ukumakwa akubonisi ukwenziwa kwe-EEA noma ukuthi umkhiqizo uvunyelwe ukuthi uphephe yi-EU noma esinye isiphathimandla. Izidingo ze-EU zingafaka ukuphepha, ezempilo, kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi, uma kubekiwe kunoma yimuphi umthetho womkhiqizo we-EU, ukuhlolwa nguMzimba Owazisiwe noma ukwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo oluqinisekisiwe lwekhwalithi yokukhiqiza. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kukhombisa nokuthi umkhiqizo uhambisana nemikhombandlela maqondana ne-'Electro Magnetic Compatibility ' - okusho ukuthi idivayisi izosebenza njengokuhlosiwe, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa noma ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi enye idivayisi.

Akuyona yonke imikhiqizo edinga ukumakwa kwe-CE ukuze ithengiswe ku-EEA; kuphela imikhakha yomkhiqizo ngokuya ngemikhombandlela noma imithethonqubo efanele edingekayo (futhi evunyelwe) ukuphatha ukumaka kwe-CE. Iningi lemikhiqizo emakwe nge-CE ingabekwa emakethe kuncike kuphela ekulawulweni kokukhiqizwa kwangaphakathi ngumkhiqizi (iModyuli A; bheka Ukuziqinisekisa, ngezansi), ngaphandle kwesheke elizimele lokuhambisana komkhiqizo nomthetho we-EU; I-ANEC ixwayise ngokuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukumakwa kwe-CE akukwazi ukuthathwa “njengophawu lokuphepha” kubathengi.

Ukumaka i-CE uhlelo lokuziqinisekisa. Abadayisi kwesinye isikhathi babhekisa emikhiqizweni njenge- “CE approved”, kepha uphawu alusho ukuthi kuvunyelwe. Izigaba ezithile zemikhiqizo zidinga ukuhlolwa kohlobo lwendikimba ezimele ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana namazinga afanele obuchwepheshe, kepha ukumakwa kwe-CE kukodwa akuqinisekisi ukuthi lokhu sekwenziwe.

Amazwe adinga ukumakwa kwe-CE

Ukumakwa kwe-CE kuphoqelekile emaqenjini athile emikhiqizo ngaphakathi kwe-European Economic Area (i-EEA; amazwe angamalungu angama-28 e-EU kanye namazwe we-EFTA i-Iceland, iNorway neLiechtenstein) kanye neSwitzerland neTurkey. Umkhiqizi wemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngaphakathi kwe-EEA nokungeniswa kwezimpahla okwenziwe kwamanye amazwe kumele aqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla ezimakiwe zihambisana namazinga.

Kusukela ngonyaka ka 2013 CE ukumaka bekungafuneki amazwe e-Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), kepha amalungu eRepublic of Macedonia, Serbia, neMontenegro afake isicelo sobulungu be-European Union, futhi amukela izindinganiso zayo eziningi ngaphakathi kwemithetho yawo (njengoba kwenza iningi lamazwe ayengamalungu e-Central European angamalungu e-CEFTA ajoyina i-EU, ngaphambi kokujoyina).

Imithetho engaphansi kokumaka kwe-CE

Ukuzibophezela kokumaka i-CE kulele kunoma ngubani obeka umkhiqizo emakethe e-EU, ie umenzi osuselwa ku-EU, umthumeli ngaphandle noma umsabalalisi womkhiqizo owenziwe ngaphandle kwe-EU, noma ihhovisi elisebenzela e-EU lomkhiqizi ongeyona i-EU.

Umkhiqizi womkhiqizo ufaka uphawu lokumaka ku-EC kodwa kufanele athathe izinyathelo ezithile zokuphoqelela ngaphambi kokuba umkhiqizo ubeke ukumakwa kwe-CE. Umenzi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kokuvumelana, asethe ifayili lobuchwepheshe futhi asayine iSimemezelo esishiwo ngumthetho oholayo womkhiqizo. Izincwadi kufanele zenziwe zitholakale kubaphathi uma beceliwe.

Abangenisi bemikhiqizo kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi umenzi ongaphandle kwe-EU uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo nokuthi imibhalo iyatholakala ngesicelo. Abangenisi kumele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi ukuxhumana nomenzi kungahlala kusungulwa.

Abasabalalisi kumele bakwazi ukukhombisa kwiziphathimandla zikazwelonke ukuthi basebenze ngokucophelela futhi kufanele babe nesiqinisekiso esivela kumenzi noma kumngenisi wezempahla ukuthi izinyathelo ezifanele zithathiwe.

Uma abangenisi noma abasabalalisi bemaketha imikhiqizo ngaphansi kwegama labo, bathatha izibopho zomenzi. Kulokhu kumele babe nemininingwane eyanele ngokwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo, ngoba bazobe bethatha umthwalo wemfanelo wezomthetho lapho befaka ukumakwa kwe-CE.

Kunemithetho ethile esekela inqubo yokunameka ukumaka:

• Imikhiqizo ngokuya ngemikhombandlela ethile ye-EU noma izimiso ze-EU ezinikezela ngokumakwa kwe-CE kufanele ifakwe emakalweni ye-EC ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe emakethe.
• Abakhiqizi kufanele bahlole, kuwukuzibophezela kwabo kuphela, ukuthi imuphi umthetho we-EU abadinga ukuwusebenzisa ngemikhiqizo yabo.
• Umkhiqizo ungafakwa emakethe kuphela uma uhambisana nezinhlinzeko zazo zonke izinkombandlela nemigomo esebenzayo futhi uma inqubo yokuhlola ukwenziwa yenziwa ngokufanele.
• Umenzi udweba isimemezelo se-EU sokuvuma noma isimemezelo sokusebenza (semikhiqizo yokwakha) futhi anamathisa ukumaka kwe-CE kumkhiqizo.
• Uma kucacisiwe kumikhombandlela (s) noma kumthethonqubo (s), iqembu lesithathu eligunyaziwe (Umzimba Onolwazi) kumele libandakanyeke kwinqubo yokuhlola ukuhambisana noma ekumiseni uhlelo lwekhwalithi yokukhiqiza.
• Uma ukumakwa kwe-CE kufakwe kumkhiqizo, kungathwala ukumaka okwengeziwe uma kubaluleke kakhulu, ungagxili ukumaka kwe-CE futhi akuphazamisi futhi akumele kuphazamiseke ukubonakala kokumaka kwe-CE.

Njengoba ukufezekisa ukuthobela kungaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kokufakazelwa kokufaniswa kwe-CE, okunikezwe ngumzimba owazisiwe, kubaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke inqubo yokumakwa kwe-CE, kusuka ekuqinisekisweni kwesakhiwo, nasekusethweni kwefayela lobuchwepheshe kuye ekumemezelweni kokuvumelana kwe-EU.

Ukuziqinisekisa

Ngokuya ngezinga lobungozi bomkhiqizo, ukumaka i-CE kufakwe kumkhiqizo ngumenzi noma ummeleli ogunyaziwe onquma ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokumaka ze-CE. Uma umkhiqizo unobungozi obukhulu, kungazifakazela ngokwako ngumenzi owenza isimemezelo sokuvumelana futhi afake uphawu lokumaka lwe-CE kumkhiqizo wabo. Ukuze uzenzele isitifiketi, uMenzi kufanele enze izinto eziningi:

1. Nquma ukuthi umkhiqizo udinga ukuba namamaki we-CE futhi uma umkhiqizo usebenza eziqondisweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa udinga ukuhambisana nawo wonke.

2. Khetha inqubo yokuhlola ukuvumelana kusuka kumamojula abizwe ngumyalelo womkhiqizo. Kunamamojula amaningana atholakalayo wezinqubo zokuHlola ukuvumelana njengoba kubhalwe ngezansi:

• INgxenye A - Ukulawulwa kokukhiqiza kwangaphakathi.
• INgxenye B - Ukuhlolwa kohlobo lwe-EC.
• INgxenye C - Ukuvumelana ukuthayipha.
• INgxenye D - Production ikhwalithi isiqinisekiso.
• INgxenye E - Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
• INgxenye F - Ukuqinisekiswa koMkhiqizo.
• Imodyuli G - Ukuqinisekiswa kweyunithi.
• Imodyuli H - Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi ephelele.

Lokhu kuvame ukubuza imibuzo ngomkhiqizo ukuhlukanisa izinga lobungozi bese kubhekiswa eshadini le- "Conformity Assessment Procedures" ishadi. Lokhu kukhombisa zonke izinketho ezamukelekayo ezitholakalayo kumkhiqizi ukuze aqinisekise umkhiqizo futhi anamathisele ukumakwa kwe-CE.

Imikhiqizo ethathwa njengengozi enkulu kufanele iqinisekiswe ngokuzimela ngumzimba owazisiwe. Le yinhlangano eqokwe yiLungu Likazwelonke futhi yaziswa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu. Lezi zinhlaka ezazisiwe zisebenza njengamalebhu wokuhlola futhi zenza izinyathelo njengoba kufakwe ohlwini lwemiyalo esishiwo ngenhla bese zinquma ukuthi umkhiqizo wedlulile yini. Umenzi angazikhethela umzimba wakhe owazisiwe kunoma yiliphi iLungu Lamalungu e-European Union kodwa kufanele azimele kumenzi kanye nenhlangano yezinhlangano ezizimele noma i-ejensi kahulumeni.

Empeleni inqubo yokuziqinisekisa inezigaba ezilandelayo:

Isigaba 1: Khombisa Imihlahlandlela esebenzayo

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukubona ukuthi umkhiqizo udinga ukuthwala ukumakwa kwe-CE noma cha. Akuyona yonke imikhiqizo edingeka ukuthwala ukumakwa kwe-CE, kuphela imikhiqizo eyehla esikalini okungenani esisodwa sezinkomba zomkhakha ezidinga ukumakwa kwe-CE. Kunemiyalelo yomkhiqizo engaphezulu kwe-20 yemikhakha edinga ukumbozwa kokumaka kwe-EC, kepha kungagcini lapho, imikhiqizo efana nemishini kagesi, imishini, amadivaysi ezokwelapha, amathoyizi, imishini yokucindezela, i-PPE, amadivaysi angenawaya nemikhiqizo yokwakha.

Ukuhlonza ukuthi yimiphi imihlahlandlela (s) engasetshenziswa, njengoba kungaphezu kokukodwa, kufaka phakathi umsebenzi olula wokufunda ububanzi bomhlahlandlela ngamunye ukuze uqhamuke osebenza kumkhiqizo (Isibonelo sobubanzi beDigital Volire Directive ngezansi). Uma umkhiqizo ungawi ngaphansi kwanoma iyiphi imikhombandlela yesigaba, khona-ke umkhiqizo awudingi ukuthwala ukumakwa kwe-CE (futhi, impela, akumele kuthwale ukumakwa kwe-CE).

Isikhombisi-ndlela Esiphansi (2006/95 / EC)

Isigaba 1 sisho ukumbozwa kokuqondiswa "Noma imuphi umshini oklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nomthamo wamandla aphakathi kuka-50 no-1000 V we-AC naphakathi kuka-75 no-1500 V we-DC, ngaphandle kwemishini nezinto ezibalwe ku-Annex II."

Isigaba 2: Thola izidingo ezisebenzayo Zokuqondiswa (s)

Isiqondisi ngasinye sinezindlela ezihlukile ezihlukile zokubonisa ukuvumelana ngokuya ngesigaba somkhiqizo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwaso okuhlosiwe. Njalo iDirective inezinombolo 'zezimfuneko ezibalulekile' umkhiqizo okufanele zihlangane nazo ngaphambi kokubekwa emakethe.

Indlela enhle yokubonisa ukuthi lezi zimfuneko ezibalulekile ziye zafinyeleleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zeseveli 'evumelanisiwe,' enikeza ukucatshangelwa kokuhambisana nezidingo ezibalulekile, noma ukusetshenziswa kwamazinga kuvame ukuhlala kungokuzithandela. Izindinganiso ezihlangene zingahlonzwa ngokusesha 'i-Official Journal' kuwebhusayithi yeKhomishini yase-Europe, noma ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi entsha ye-Approach esungulwe iKhomishini yase-Europe kanye ne-EFTA nenhlangano zaseYurophu ezimele.

Isigaba 3: Thola indlela efanele yokuvumelana

Yize inqubo ihlala iyinqubo yokuzibika ngokwakho, kunemizila ehlukahlukene 'yobufakazi' yokuvumelana ngokuya nge-Directive kanye nokuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo. Eminye imikhiqizo (njengamadivayisi wezokwelapha ahlaselayo, noma ama-alamu omlilo nezinhlelo zokucima umlilo), ngokwezinga elithile, zinesidingo esiyisibopho sokubandakanyeka komuntu wesithathu ogunyaziwe noma "umzimba owazisiwe".

Kunemizila ehlukahlukene yokufakazelwa efaka:

• Ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo ngumenzi.
• Ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo ngumenzi, ngesidingo esingeziwe sokuhlolwa kokulawulwa kokukhiqizwa kwefekthri okuphoqelelwa okufanele kwenziwe wenkampani yangaphandle.
• Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe yiqembu lesithathu (isib. Uhlobo lokuhlola uhlobo lwe-EC), ngesidingo sokuhlolwa kokulawulwa kokukhiqiza okwenziwa efekthri okwenziwa umuntu wesithathu.

Isigaba 4: Ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana komkhiqizo

Lapho zonke izidingo sezisunguliwe, ukuvumelana komkhiqizo nezidingo ezibalulekile zoMqondisi (s) kudinga ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlolwa kanye / noma ukuhlolwa, futhi kungafaka ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana komkhiqizo kuzinga ()) elihlanganisiwe elikhonjwe esinyathelweni 2.

Isigaba 5: Qamba imibhalo yobuchwepheshe

Imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe, evame ukubizwa njengefayela lobuchwepheshe, elihlobene nomkhiqizo noma ububanzi bemikhiqizo idinga ukuhlanganiswa. Lolu lwazi kufanele luhlanganise yonke into ephathelene nokuvumelana futhi kungenzeka ifake imininingwane yomklamo, ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa komkhiqizo.

Imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe ngokuvamile izofaka:

• Incazelo yobuchwepheshe
• Imidwebo, imidwebo yesekethe nezithombe
• Isikweletu sezinto zokwakha
• Ukucaciswa futhi, lapho kusebenza khona, isimemezelo se-EU sokuvumelana kwezingxenye ezibucayi nezinto zokwakha ezisetshenzisiwe
• Imininingwane yanoma yikuphi ukubalwa kokwakhiwa
• Imibiko yokuhlola kanye / noma ukuhlolwa
• Imiyalelo
• Isimemezelo se-EU sokuvumelana
• Izincwadi zobuchwepheshe zingenziwa zitholakale nganoma iyiphi indlela (ie iphepha noma i-elekthronikhi) futhi kufanele zibanjelwe isikhathi esingafika eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokwenziwa kwento yokugcina, futhi ezimeni eziningi zihlala endaweni Yezomnotho YaseYurophu (EEA).

Isigaba 6: Yenza isimemezelo bese unamathisela ukumaka kwe-CE

Lapho umkhiqizi, ongenisa impahla ezweni noma omele ogunyaziwe enelisekile ukuthi umkhiqizo wabo uhambisana Nemikhombandlela esebenzayo, isimemezelo se-EU sokuhambisana kufanele sigcwaliswe noma, ngemishini egcwaliswe ngokwengxenye ngaphansi kweMechinery Directive, isimemezelo se-ECU sokufakwa.

Izidingo zesimemezelo ziyehluka kancane, kepha okungenani zizofaka:

• Igama nekheli lomenzi
• Imininingwane yomkhiqizo (imodeli, incazelo nenombolo ye-serial lapho kusebenza khona)
• Uhlu lweZikhombisi-ndlela ezisebenzayo namazinga asetshenzisiwe
• Isitatimende esimemezela ukuthi umkhiqizo uhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ezifanele
• Isiginesha, igama nesikhundla somuntu ofanele
• Usuku okwamiswa ngalo isimemezelo
• Imininingwane yommeleli ogunyaziwe ngaphakathi kwe-EEA (lapho kufanele khona)
• Izidingo ezengeziwe zokuqondisa / ezijwayelekile
• Kuzo zonke izimo, ngaphandle kwe-PPE Directive, konke ukuqondiswa kungabikwa kusimemezelo esisodwa.
• Lapho isimemezelo se-EU sokuvuma sekuphothuliwe, isinyathelo sokugcina ukunamathisela umaka we-CE kumkhiqizo. Lapho lokhu sekwenziwe, izidingo zokumaka ze-EC ziye zahlangatshezwa ukuze umkhiqizo ubekwe ngokusemthethweni emakethe ye-EEA.

Inhloso ngezinkinga zokuphepha.

Isimemezelo se-EU sokuvumelana

Isimemezelo se-EU sokuhambisana kufanele sifake: imininingwane yomkhiqizi (igama nekheli, njll.); izici ezibalulekile umkhiqizo uhambisana; noma yimaphi amazinga aseYurophu nedatha yokusebenza; uma kufanele inombolo kamazisi yomzimba owazisiwe; nesiginesha ebophezela ngokusemthethweni egameni lenhlangano.

Amaqembu omkhiqizo

Imiyalo edinga ukumakwa kwe-CE ithinta amaqembu womkhiqizo alandelayo:

• Amadivaysi ezokwelapha asebenzayo (awafaki amathuluzi okuhlinza)
• Imishini evuthayo igesi gaseous
• Ukufakwa kwe-Cableway kwenzelwe ukuthwala abantu
• Imikhiqizo yokwakha
• Umklamo we-Eco wemikhiqizo ehlobene namandla
• Ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic
• Izisetshenziswa nezinhlelo zokuvikela okuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokwenzeka ngokuqhuma
• Iziqhumane zokusetshenziswa komphakathi
• Ama-boilers anamanzi ashisayo
• Amadivaysi okuxilonga e-vitro
• Iphakamisa
• Amandla amancane
• imishini
• Izinsimbi Zokulinganisa
• Amadivayisi ezokwelapha
• Ukuphuma komsindo emvelweni
• Izinsimbi ezinesisindo ezingezenzakalelayo
• Imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu
• Imishini yokucindezela
• I-Pyrotechnics
• Imisakazo yesisetshenziswa somsakazo nezokuxhumana ngocingo
• Ubuciko bokuzijabulisa
• Ukuvinjezelwa kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithile eziyingozi kumishini kagesi RoHS 2
• Ukuphepha kwamathoyizi
• Imikhumbi yokucindezela elula

Ukuqashelwa okufanayo kokuhlolwa kokuhambisana

Kunezivumelwano eziningi zokuBonwa ngokuBambisana kokuHlola kweConformity 'phakathi kwe-European Union namanye amazwe afana ne-USA, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand kanye ne-Israel. Ngenxa yalokho, ukumakwa kwe-CE manje sekutholakala kwimikhiqizo eminingi evela kulawa mazwe. IJapan inomaka wayo owaziwa ngeTechnical Conformity Mark.

ISwitzerland neTurkey (okungewona amalungu e-EEA) nazo zidinga imikhiqizo ukuze ithwale i-CE njengokuqinisekisa kokuvumelana.

Izici zokumaka kwe-CE

• Ukumaka kwe-CE kufanele kufakwe kumkhiqizi noma kummeleli wakhe ogunyaziwe e-European Union ngokohlobo lwayo lomthetho ngokubonakalayo, ngokubonakalayo nangokungasho lutho kumkhiqizo
• Lapho umenzi ebeka ukumaka kwe-CE emkhiqizweni lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthobela zonke izidingo ezibalulekile zezeMpilo nezokuphepha kusuka kuzo zonke izinkomba ezisebenza kumkhiqizo wawo.
  • Isibonelo, ngomshini, ukuqondiswa kweMishini kusebenza, kepha kuvame futhi ukuthi:
    • Isiqondisi samandla amancane
    • Isiqondisi se-EMC
    • kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinkombandlela noma imiyalo, isib
    • futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izidingo zomthetho.

Lapho umenzi womshini ebeka ukumaka kwe-CE, iyazibandakanya futhi iqinisekise, ukuthi yenza zonke izivivinyo, ukuhlolwa nokuhlaziywa komkhiqizo ukuvumelana nazo zonke izidingo ze- KONKE Imiyalo esetshenziswa kumkhiqizo wayo.

• Ukumakwa kwe-CE kwethulwe yi-COUNCIL DirectIVE 93/68 / EEC yangomhlaka 22 kuNtulikazi 1993 ukulungisa iziyalo 87/404 / EEC (imikhumbi elula yengcindezi), 88/378 / EEC (ukuphepha kwamathoyizi), 89/106 / EEC (imikhiqizo yokwakha ), 89/336 / EEC (ukuhlangana ngogesi), 89/392 / EEC (imishini), 89/686 / EEC (imishini yokuvikela umuntu uqobo), 90/384 / EEC (amathuluzi angenasisindo okuzenzakalelayo), 90/385 / EEC (amadivaysi okwelapha afakayo angafakelwa), 90/396 / EEC (Imishini evutha amalangabi), i-91/263 / i-EEC (imishini yokuphetha yokuxhumana ngocingo), ama-92/42 / i-EEC (amabhulukwe amasha wamanzi ashisayo axishwe ngogesi noma ngogesi) / 73 / EEC (Imishini kagesi yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile yamandla kagesi)
• Usayizi wokumakwa kwe-CE kufanele okungenani ube yi-5 mm, uma kukhuliswa ubukhulu bayo kufanele bugcinwe
• Uma ukubukeka nokwenziwa komkhiqizo kungavumeli ukuthi ukumaka kwe-CE kufakwe kumkhiqizo uqobo, ukumaka kufanele kufakwe emaphepheni awo noma kumadokhumenti ahambisana nawo
• Uma umhlahlandlela udinga ukubandakanyeka kweZiko Elazisiwe kwinqubo yokuhlola yokuhambisana, inombolo yayo yobunikazi kufanele ifakwe ngemuva kwelogo ye-CE. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesibopho soMzimba owazisiwe.

Maka E

Ezimotweni nasezingxenyeni ezihlobene, i-UNECE “e maka ”noma“E maka ”, kunokuba kusetshenziswe uphawu lwe-CE. Ngokuphikisana nelogo ye-CE, amamaki e-UNECE awaqinisekisiwe. Akufanele zididaniswe nesibonakaliso esilinganisiwe kumalebula okudla.

Ukusetshenziswa Kabi

I-European Commission iyazi ukuthi ukumakwa kwe-CE, njengamanye amamaki ezitifiketi, kusetshenziswa kabi. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kwesinye isikhathi kunamathiselwe kwimikhiqizo engagcwalisi izidingo nemibandela yezomthetho, noma kunamathiselwe emikhiqizweni engadingeki. Kokunye kwabikwa ukuthi "abakhiqizi baseChina bebehambisa imikhiqizo kagesi eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe ukuze bathole imibiko yokuhlolwa kokuhambisana, kepha bese besusa izinto ezingabalulekile ekukhiqizeni ukunciphisa izindleko". Ukuhlolwa kwamashaja kagesi angama-27 kwathola ukuthi bonke abayisishiyagalombili abakembeke ngokusemthethweni abanegama elihle bahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha, kepha akekho kulaba bantu ongabaliwe noma onamagama amancane, yize ephethe uphawu; amadivayisi angahambisani nemithetho empeleni abengathembeka futhi abe yingozi, ethula izingozi zikagesi nezomlilo.

Kukhona futhi amacala lapho umkhiqizo uhambisana nezidingo ezisebenzayo, kepha ifomu, ubukhulu, noma isilinganiso sophawu ngokwalo aluchaziwe emthethweni.

Amapulangwe asekhaya nezisekelo

I-Directive 2006/95 / EC, i-Directive ethi "Low Voltage", ayifaki (phakathi kwezinye izinto) ama-plugs nezitolo ezisekela ezisetshenziswa ekhaya ezingafakwa kumyalelo we-Union ngakho-ke akumelwe zimakwe. Kuyo yonke i-EU, njengakwezinye izindawo, ukulawulwa kwe ama-plugs nezitolo ezisekela ezisetshenziswa ekhaya ingaphansi kwemithetho kazwelonke. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukusetshenziswa okungekho emthethweni kokumakwa kwe-CE kungatholakala kuma-plugs nasezisekelweni zasekhaya, ikakhulukazi okuthiwa "amasokhethi wendawo yonke".

I-China Export

I-logo efana kakhulu ne-CE yokumaka kuye kwathiwa kuyamele I-China Export ngoba abanye abakhiqizi baseChina bayisebenzisa emikhiqizweni yabo. Kodwa-ke, i-European Commission ithi lokhu kungumbono oyiphutha. Lolu daba lwaphakanyiswa ePhalamende laseYurophu ngonyaka ka-2008. IKhomishini yaphendula yathi ayazi ukuthi kukhona uphawu lwenkampani ethi “Chinese Export” nokuthi, ngokubona kwayo, ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kokumakwa kwe-CE emikhiqizweni akuhlobene nokuboniswa okungalungile uphawu, yize yomibili le mikhuba yenzekile. Kuqale inqubo yokubhalisa ukumakwa kwe-CE njengophawu lokuhweba oluhlanganyelwe loMphakathi, futhi bekuxoxiswana neziphathimandla zaseChina ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nomthetho waseYurophu.

Imiphumela yezomthetho

Kunezindlela ezikhona zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumakwa kwe-CE kufakwa kwimikhiqizo ngokufanele. Ukulawula imikhiqizo enophawu lwe-CE kungumsebenzi weziphathimandla zomphakathi emazweni angamalungu, ngokubambisana ne-European Commission. Izakhamizi zingaxhumana neziphathimandla zokuqapha izimakethe zikazwelonke uma kusolwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kokumakwa kwe-CE noma uma kuphenywa ukuphepha komkhiqizo.

Izinqubo, izinyathelo nezijeziso ezisebenza ekwenzeni ngomgunyathi ukumakwa kwe-CE ziyehluka ngokuya ngomthetho wezwe ophethe nelokujezisa wezwe elifanele. Ngokuya ngobucayi becala, abasebenza kwezomnotho bangakhokhiswa inhlawulo futhi, kwezinye izimo, baboshwe. Kodwa-ke, uma umkhiqizo ungathathwa njengengozi yokuphepha eseduze, umenzi anganikezwa ithuba lokuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uhambisana nomthetho osebenzayo ngaphambi kokuphoqeleka ukuthi asuse umkhiqizo emakethe.